Oil and compound thereof.



WILLIAM N. BLAKEMAN, m, or NEW Yonx, N. Y.

on AND comrounzo THEREOF.

No Drawing.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Apr. 11, 1911.

Application filed May 26, 1905. Serial No. 262,375.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, WILLIAM N. BLAKE- MAN, Jr., a citizen of the United States, and resident of the borough ofManhattan, in the city, county, and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Imr provements in Oils and Compounds Thereof, which invention is fully set forth in the following specification.

The object of this invention is to treat fatty oils in such a manner that, when a pigment is ground therein, a aint will be formed which will dry satis actorily and be durable and permanent.

- The invention consists in incorporating with a fatty oil, before a pigment is ground therein, a chlorinated fatty substance, as

or rosin oil.

Selecting tung oil, as an example, I treat it with chlorin in any manner that shall give a satisfactory product, such as by passing chlorin through the oil, arranged in a tall column; by exposing the oil, in broad surfaces, to the action of chlorin; or by subjecting the oil to any other suitable chlorinating process that will .produce a chlorinated agent After thoroughly washing the product, I introduce any desired proportion of it into the fatty oil to be used as a paint-vehicle, thoroughly commingling and blending the same and then grind in this vehicle the pigmentor pigments to be used.

- I prefer to employ pigments which, ordinarily, are deficient in spreading power when ground in oil, such as zinc ()Xld, zinc sulfid, lead carbonate, lead sulfate, lead sulfite, sublimed lead, barium sulfate or barium carbonate, and have obtained the best results when an oxid ,or sulfidis used either as a sole pigment or combined with others, as oxids and sulfids appear to form more satisfactory combinations with the chlorinated agent. For my purpose, a sulfid is the equivalent of an oxid. A drying oil, raw or oxidized, (such as linseed or tung) or a commercial drier, or both, may be added to the compound to accelerate its drying when spread as a paint.

Any of the fatty substances above named. may be chlorinated in a manner similar to that described for tung oil, and used in the same Way, and hence by the use of the term chlorinated fatty agent in this specification and in the claims, I intend to cover the product resulting from chlorinating any of the fatty substances named, or any other equivalent substance which will produce substantially the same ultimate result.

The fatty agent, either before or after being chlorinated, may be oxidized by heating with oxidizers; by introducin a portion of highly oxidized matter soluble in, or miscible with, the oil; by elaidinizing the oil; or by introducing a portion of elaidinized matter soluble in, or miscible with, the oil. And the oil-vehicle, with which the chlorinated fatty agent is incorporated, may also be similarly oxidized if desired. It will be found advantageous in many cases to oxidize either the agent or the vehicle, or both, and in particularfiwhen using non-drying oils.

Two or more chlorinated fatty agents may be used, if desired in one vehicle; or any combination of fatty oils, either drying or non-drying, may be used as a vehicle and treated with a chlorinated agent as described. If desired the vehicle, or one or more of the oils of which it is composed, may be slightly chlorinated as described in another application No. 262,374, filed by'me herewith. In forming combinations of oils, it will be found of advanta e to allow the oilsto stand for a few days for blending In most cases I prefer to incorporate in the vehicle, a proportion-of tung oil, as its presence ap ears not onlytto accelerate the drying of t e paint but also to improve the quality of the film.

My invention will be found particularly applicable to the non-drying fatty-oils, as

such oils when treated with a chlorinated fatty agent and used as a paint-vehicle,

either alone or in combination with a drying oil, will form with all those pigments ordi-v narily deficient in spreading- ;power when ground in oil, a paint-compound which will dry into a smooth and tough film, repellent to the elements and unaflected by climatic changes.

The proportions to be used of oil vehi'cle, chlorinated fatty agent, and pigmen't', can be easily regulated'in practice and may be considerably varied. If an oxid or sulfid be employed as a pigment, it may be'used'in such proportion as to form the sole pigment; or, only a small proportio'nsay ment, Iprefer to combine with it a proportion of free zinc oxid.' A compound of 100 parts of linseed oil, one per cent. ofchlorin ate'd tung oil as an agent, 200 par-ts of sublimed lead, and 20 parts of zinc oxid will, with the usual quantity of liquid drier, form a satisfactory mixture when spread as a paint. So also will a compound of 100 parts of linseed oil, one per cent. of chlorinated tung-oil-agent, 200 parts of lead carbonate, and 20 parts of zinc oxid. Iron oxids and the ferruginous earths, when ground in a non-drying fatty oil treated with a chlorinated fatty agent, will form cheap and permanent paints.

Heath-pressure and agitation may be employed whenever deemed necessary. a

I am aware, that it. has been proposed heretofore, to incorporate with .fatty oils,

chlorid of sulfur, either alone or in solution in a hydrocarbon, the alleged result being the production of asulfo-chlorinated fatty oil.' Such processes Iexpressly disclaim as foreign to my invention. The main object sought to be accomplished in these processes was the sulfurizin of the fatty oil, and the chlorination, if e ected at all, was'merely incidental; whereas in my invention the chlorination of the fatty .oil is the essential feature, and sulfurizing'would be not only unnecessary but objectionable. I am also aware that. it has been proposed tod'ecolorize or bleach oils, and also to clarify oils, by the use of various hypoc'hlorites; but such processes I also expressly disclaim, as they will not produce a chlorinated oil.' My experiments have shown that the only satisfactory way of chlorinating the fatty substances used as agents in my invention is by contact with free chlorin, ashereinbefore described;

and chlorination in this way, instead of.

bleaching the fatty substance has a darken-v ing effect upon it. In none of these prior processes, is a chlorinated fatty-agent in-' .corporated in a-fatty oil; andl am not aware that any one, prior to my invention, has first formed a chlorinated fatty agent by treating a fatty substance with free chlorin and then incorporated this chlorinated fatty agent in a fatty oil, the result being the production of an oil-vehicle which is adapted for use, with all the pigments named, in the formation of very durable 'andpermanent compounds, And the ad- .va'ntage'secured by incorporating in commercial oil a chlorinated fatty agent, instead of chlorinating the whole mass of commercial oil, is that, by regulating the quantity of chlorinated fatty agent used, the commercial oil may be brought into condition for use with anyof the pigments named,

which pigments, by reason of differences in chemical and physical properties, require- .difi'erent proportions of chlorinated agent,

in the .vehicle, in order that the best results may be produced whereas, if the whole mass of commercial oilvehicle were chlorinciallinseed or other oil, will cause the latter. I

to form satisfactory compounds with all the pigments usually deficient in spreading and drying properties.

Having thus fully described my invention, I claim I 1. As a new composition of matter, a compound or,mixture. of a fatty oil and a chlorinated fatty substance, the fatty oil being in excess.

2. A compound or mixture of an oil and chlorinated tung-oil.

' 3. As a new composition of matter, a compound or mixture of an oxidized fatty oil and a chlorinated fatty substance, the fatty oil being in excess.

4. A compound or mixture of an voxidized oil and chlorinated tung oil.

5-. As a new composition of matter, a compound or mixture of a non-drying fatty oil and a'chlorinated fatty oil being in'excess. w

6. A compound or mixture of a non-drying fatty oil and chlorinated tung oil.

7. As a new composition of matter, a comsubstance, the fatty pound or mixture of an oxidized non-drying consists in first chlorinating a fatty subfatty oil, and a chlorinated fatty substance, stance by contact with free chlorin, and then the fatty oil being in excess. 7 incorporating it in a fatty oil.

8. A compound or mixture of an oxidized WM. N. BLAKEMAN, JR. 5 non-drying fatty oil; and chlorinated tung Witnesses:

oil. FRANCIS P. REILLY,

9. The process herein described; which MABEL O. FAHNESTOCK. 

